Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands
Representative of the Duke of Burgundy (1506-1555)
- 1506-1507 Guillaume de Croÿ, Marquis of Aerschot
- 1507-1530 Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy
- 1530-1555 Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary
Representative of the King of Spain (1555-1582)
- 1555-1559 Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy
- 1559-1567 Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Parma
- 1567-1573 Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba
- 1573-1576 Luis de Requesens y Zuñiga
- 1576-1578 John of Austria
- 1578-1581 Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza
- 1578-1582 Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Parma (co-regent)
In 1581 the Seven United Provinces declared themselves independent of Philip II of Spain.
Representative of the King of Spain (1582-1647) or Spanish Netherlands
- 1581-1592 Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza
- 1592-1594 Count Peter Ernst von Mansfeld
- 1594-1595 Archduke Ernest of Austria
- 1595-1596 Pedro Enríquez de Acevedo, Count of Fuentes
- 1596-1598 Archduke Albert of Austria
- Archduke Albert of Austria and Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain rule the Habsburg Netherlands as sovereigns from 1598 to 1621.
- 1621-1633 Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain
- 1633-1641 Ferdinand, Cardinal-Infante
- 1641-1644 Francisco de Mello, Marquis of Terceira
- 1644-1647 Manuel de Moura, 2nd Marquis of Castel Rodrigo
Representative of the King of Spain (1647-1706) or Spanish Netherlands
- 1647-1656 Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria
- 1656-1659 Don Juan José of Austria
- 1659-1664 Luis de Benavides Carrillo, Marquis of Caracena
- 1664-1668 Francisco de Moura, 3rd Marquis of Castel Rodrigo
- 1668-1670 Melchor de Velasco,7th Duke of Frias
- 1670-1675 Juan Domingo de Zuñiga y Fonseca
- 1675-1677 Carlos de Gurrea, Duke of Villahermosa
- 1678-1682 Alessandro di Odoardo Farnese, Prince of Parma
- 1682-1685 Otto Henry, Marquis of Caretto
- 1685-1692 Francisco Antonio de Agurto, Marquis of Gastañaga
- 1692-1706 Maximilian II Emanuel, elector of Bavaria
The Southern Netherlands were occupied by the British and Dutch from 1706-1714.
Representative of the Archduke of Austria (1716-1794) or Austrian Netherlands
- 1716-1724 Prince Eugene of Savoy
- 1725-1725 Count Wirich Philipp von Daun (Governor-general ad interim from February until October 1725)
- 1725-1741 Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria
- 1741-1744 Count Friedrich August von Harrach-Rohrau
- 1744-1744 Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria and Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine
- 1744-1780 Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine
- 1781-1793 Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen and Duke Albert of Saxe-Teschen
- 1793-1794 Archduke Charles of Austria