Duchy of Courland and Semigallia

Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
1562-1795

House of Kettler
1562-1737

• Gotthard von Kettler (1517- 1587), the last Master of the Livonian Order and the first Duke of Courland and Semigallia from 1562.
• Frederick III Wilhelm von Kettler (1692-1711), Duke of Courland and Semigallia from 1698. Knight of the White Eagle.

House of Biron
1737-40 and 1763-1795

• Ernst Johann von Biron (1690-1772), Duke of Courland and Semigallia (1737–40 and 1763–69) and regent of the Russian Empire (1740).
• Peter von Biron ( 1724- 1800), the last Duke of Courland and Zemgale from 1769 to 1795. Duke of Zagan from 1786. Knight of the Order of St. Andrew.

• Ludwig Ernst von Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Bevern, (1718-1788), Field-marshal of the Holy Roman Empire and the Republic of the Seven Netherlands. Duke of Courland and Semigallia in 1741. Knight of the Order of St. Andrew.

• Prince Karl Christian Joseph of Saxony, (1733-1796), Duke of Courland and Zemgale (1758-1763). Knight of the White Eagle.

The Duchy ceased to exist in 1795 and its territory became part of the Russian Empire.