Electors Palatine

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Rudolf I (1294– 1317) Duke of Bavaria, Count Palatine of the Rhine

  • Rudolf I (1294– 1317) Duke of Bavaria, Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1294. Ancestor of the senior Palatinate Wittlesbachs. Married Mechtild of Nassau (1280 – 1323) daughter of Adolf, King of Germany (King of the Romans). See also Palatinate Cadets

Electors Palatine 1356–1777

First Electorate 1356–1648

Senior Line 1356–1559

  • Rupert I (1309 –1390) Elector Palatine of the Rhine
  • Rupert II (1325 –1398) Elector Palatine of the Rhine
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Rupert (III) of Germany (1352 – 1410) Elector Palatine from 1398 and German King

  • Rupert (III) of Germany (1352 – 1410) Elector Palatine from 1398 and German King from 1400. Knight of the Garter
  • Louis III (1378 –1436) Elector Palatine of the Rhine
  • Louis IV (1424–1449) Elector Palatine of the Rhine
  • Frederick I, the Victorious (1425–1476) Elector Palatine of the Rhine, Ancestor of the morganatic House of Löwenstein-Wertheim
  • Philip the Upright (1448–1508) Elector Palatine of the Rhine
  • Louis V (1478 –1544) Elector Palatine of the Rhine
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Frederick II (1482 –1556) Elector Palatine of the Rhine

  • Frederick II (1482 –1556) Elector Palatine of the Rhine. Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece
  • Otto-Henry (1502–1559) Count Palatine of Palatinate-Neuburg from 1505, Elector Palatine of the Rhine from 1556

 Simmern Line 1559-1623 and 1648-1685

Second Electorate 1648-1685

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Frederick III of Simmern, the Pious (1515 – 1576) Count Palatine of Simmern from 1557 and Elector Palatine of the Rhine

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Frederick III of Simmern, the Pious (1515 – 1576) Count Palatine of Simmern from 1557 and Elector Palatine of the Rhine

  • Frederick III of Simmern, the Pious (1515 – 1576) Count Palatine of Simmern from 1557 and Elector Palatine of the Rhine from 1559. Son of John II (1492–1557) Count Palatine of Simmern. See Palatine Cadets. Married firstly Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (1519 – 1567) daughter of Casimir, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth and secondly Amalia of Neuenahr (1539 – 1602) daughter of Gumprecht of Neuenahr.

 

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Louis VI (1539 –1583) Elector Palatine of the Rhine

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Louis VI (1539 –1583) Elector Palatine of the Rhine

  • Louis VI (1539 –1583) Elector Palatine of the Rhine. Married firstly Elisabeth of Hesse (1539 – 1582) daughter of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse and secondly Countess Anne of Ostfriesland (1562 – 1621) daughter of Edzard II, Count of East Frisia.
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Frederick IV (1574 – 1610) Elector Palatine of the Rhine

  • Frederick IV (1574 – 1610) Elector Palatine of the Rhine. Married Louise Juliana of Orange-Nassau (1576 – 1644) daughter of William I of Nassau, Prince of Orange.
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Frederick V/I (1596 –1632) Elector Palatine of the Rhine and King of Bohemia

  • Frederick V (1596 –1632) Elector Palatine of the Rhine (1610–23) and, as Frederick I, King of Bohemia (1619–20) “The Winter King”. Knight of the Garter. Married Elizabeth Stuart (1596 – 1662) daughter of James VI and I, King of Scotland, England, and Ireland.
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Charles Louis (1617 –1680) Elector Palatine

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Raugrave zu Pfalz

  • Charles Louis (1617 –1680) Elector Palatine. By the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, Charles Louis was restored to the Lower Palatinate, and given a new electoral title, also called "Elector Palatine", but lower in precedence than the other electorates. Knight of the Garter. Married firstly (then “divorced” in 1654) Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel (1627 – 1686) daughter of William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, secondly possibly bigamously and  morganatically Luise von Degenfeld (1634 – 1677) created Raugravine zu Pfalz daughter of Baron Martens-Christof von Degenfeld and thirdly also possibly bigamously and  morganatically Elisabeth Hollander von Bernau (1659 – 1702) daughter of Tobias Holländer von Berau. Morganatic children by Luise von Degenfeld given title of Raugrave zu Pfalz (extinct 1702).
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Charles II (1651 –1685) Elector Palatine

  • Charles II (1651 –1685) Elector Palatine. Knight of the Garter. Married Wilhelmine Ernestine of Denmark and Norway of Denmark (1650 – 1706) daughter of Frederick III King of Denmark and Norway.

Neuburg Line 1685-1742

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Philip William of Neuburg (1615 –1690) Elector Palatine

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Philip William of Neuburg (1615 –1690) Elector Palatine

  • Philip William of Neuburg (1615 –1690) Count Palatine of Neuburg from 1653 to 1690, Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1653 to 1679 and Elector of the Palatinate from 1685 to 1690. Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Grand Master of the Order of St Hubert. Son of Wolfgang Wilhelm (1614–53) Count Palatine of Neuburg. See Palatine Cadets. Married firstly Princess Anna Catherine Constance Vasa (1619 – 1651) daughter of Sigismund III Vasa, King of Poland and Sweden and secondly Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (1635 – 1709) daughter of George II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

 

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Johann Wilhelm II (1658 –1716) Elector Palatine

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Johann Wilhelm II (1658 –1716) Elector Palatine

  • Johann Wilhelm II (1658 –1716) Elector Palatine (1690–1716), Duke Palatine of Neuburg/Danube (1690–1716), Duke of Jülich and Berg (1679–1716), and Duke of Upper Palatinate and Cham (1707–1714). From 1697 onwards Johann Wilhelm was also Count of Megen. Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Grand Master of the Order of St Hubert. Married firstly Maria Anna Josepha of Austria (1654 – 1689) daughter of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and secondly Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici (1667 – 1743) daughter of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany.
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Charles III Philip (1661 –1742) Elector Palatine

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Charles III Philip (1661 –1742) Elector Palatine

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Charles III Philip (1661 –1742) Elector Palatine

  • Charles III Philip (1661 –1742) Elector Palatine, Count of Palatinate-Neuburg, and Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1716 to 1742. Until 1728 Charles III Philip was also Count of Megen. Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Grand Master of the Order of St Hubert.  Married firstly Princess Ludwika Karolina Radziwiłł (1667 – 1695) daughter of Prince Bogusław Radziwiłł, secondly Princess Teresa Katharina Lubomirska (1685 – 1712) daughter of Prince Józef Karol Lubomirski and thirdly morganatically Countess Violente Theresia, elevated to Princess by the Holy Roman Emperor in 1733 (1683–1734) daughter of Count Philipp-Wilhelm of Thurn and Taxis.

Sulzbach Line 1742-1799

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Charles Theodore (1724 –1799) Elector Palatine and Elector of Bavaria

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Charles Theodore (1724 –1799) Elector Palatine and Elector of Bavaria

  • Charles Theodore (1724 –1799) Count Palatine of Sulzbach from 1733, Elector Palatine from 1742, as Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1742 and also as Prince-Elector and Duke of Bavaria from 1777. Grand Master of the Royal Order of Saint George for the Defense of the Immaculate Conception. Grand Master of the Order of St Hubert. Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Son of John Christian (1700 –1733) Count Palatine of Sulzbach. See Palatine Cadets.  Married firstly Elisabeth Auguste of Sulzbach (1721 – 1794) daughter of Joseph Charles, Hereditary Prince of Sulzbach and secondly  Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este (1776 – 1848) Archduke Ferdinand Karl of Austria-Este.  Ancestor of the Illegitimate House of Bretzenheim.

Electors of Bavaria and Electors Palatine of the Rhine, 1777–1803

Sulzbach Line 1777-1799

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Charles Theodore (1724 –1799) Elector Palatine and Elector of Bavaria

  • Charles Theodore (1724 –1799) Count Palatine of Sulzbach from 1733, Elector Palatine from 1742, as Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1742 and also as Prince-Elector and Duke of Bavaria from 1777. Married firstly Elisabeth Auguste of Sulzbach (1721 – 1794) daughter of Joseph Charles, Hereditary Prince of Sulzbach and secondly Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este (1776 – 1848) Archduke Ferdinand Karl of Austria-Este.  Ancestor of the morganatic House of Bretzenheim.

Zweibrücken Line 1799–1803

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Maximilian IV Joseph (1756 –1825) Elector Palatine and Elector of Bavaria

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Maximilian IV Joseph (1756 –1825) Elector Palatine and Elector of Bavaria

  • Maximilian I (1756 –1825) Count Palatine of Birkenfeld and Duke of Zweibrücken from 1795 to 1799, Prince-Elector and Duke of Bavaria (as Maximilian IV Joseph) from 1799 to 1805, King of Bavaria (as Maximilian I) from 1806 to 1825. Grand Master of the Royal Order of Saint George for the Defense of the Immaculate Conception. Grand Master of the Order of St Hubert. Grand Master of the Order of St Michael. Son of Charles II August Christian (1746 –1795) Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld and Duke of Zweibrücken.  See Palatine Cadets.  Married firstly Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (1765 – 1796) daughter of Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt and secondly Caroline of Baden (1776 – 1841) daughter of Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden.  See Bavaria Modern